The goals of this JERA are:

• To identify in three model tree genera (Quercus, Pinus, Populus) genes putatively involved in the genetic control of adaptive traits by using functional genomics toolkits, and dissecting complex adaptive traits with eco-physiological approaches.
  
  
• To identify in widely distributed polyphagous lepidopteran insect species (Operophthera, Lymantria) genes involved in the breaking of diapause (phenological synchronisation) and in controlling the expression of detoxicative and digestive enzymes (herbivory).
  
  
• To identify in model endo- (Glomus) and ectomycorrhiza (Laccaria) and in their host trees genes involved in the symbiotic relationship between trees and micro-organisms.
  
  
• To identify and/or develop for the model tree species and other associated species (insects, micro-organisms) a set of neutral markers suitable for populations studies such as those foreseen in JERA2, JERA3, and JERA4.
  
  
• To assess the degree of transferability of molecular tools and neutral markers from the selected model species (trees and associated species) to the target species (other trees, insects and mycorrhizal fungi).

The research activity in this area will result in the identification of sets of sequences for genes that are qualified as being putatively involved in the determination of phenotypic variation for the traits that are of interest to the network. The type of qualifications will differ depending on the gene and trait. Standardised and validated sets of neutral markers to be used in population analysis of the target species will be developed and thoroughly tested. Integrated databases will be constructed to gather all information available, both molecular and phenotypic.

The activities in this JERA will be in close interaction with IA1 for the development of genomic and bioinformatics resources with JERA2, 3 and 4 for the utilization of the adaptive and/or neutral markers.

Sub Activities

JERA 1.1 - Identification of genes of ecological significance

JERA 1.2 - Development of neutral markers

JERA 1.3 - Transferability of genes, markers and tools to target species