The conference on "Forest Ecosystem Genomics and Adaptation" took place in San Lorenzo de El Escorial (49 Km from Madrid, Spain) from June 9^th to 11^th, 2010.

The aim of this international conference was to present new scientific findings in the area of ecosystem genomics, which addresses the structure and evolution of gene diversity at the population and community level. The conference focussed on the function and diversity of genes of adaptive significance in the context of climate change. Adaptation of forest ecosystems was analyzed from an evolutionary perspective and illustrated by examples on trees and their associated species.

The conference was a joint event co-organized by the research partners in the Network of Excellence EVOLTREE, funded by the EC 6^th Framework Programme for Research. The event was open to the wide scientific community and had in its programme a dedicated session for policy makers and forest practitioners, where the implications of research findings to formulate relevant policies and implement sustainable forest management were discussed.